Wildlife Hazards from Furadan 3G Applications to Rice in Texas

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Abstract
Mortality of birds, fish, frogs, crayfish, earthworms and nontarget insects occurred in rice fields after treatments of Furadan 3G [insecticide] granules in 3 Texas counties in 1970 and 1973-1975. Three western sandpipers (Ereunetes mauri), 1 pectoral sandpiper (Erolia melanotos) and 2 red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) were found dead or moribund between 17 and 24 h after treatment. Cricket frogs (Acris crepitans blanchardi) were intoxicated 15 min post-treatment, and mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis) showed effects 1 h post-treatment. Mortality of mosquito fish, Gulf menhaden (Brevoortia patronus), Atlantic croaker (Micropogon undulatus) and European carp (Cyprinus carpio) usually occurred between 24 and 28 h afer treatment. Mortality of frogs, crayfish and nontarget insects generally occurred in rice field water between 1 and 45 h after treatment. Mortality of earthworms in soil persisted for 52 h. As a replacement for aldrin in Texas rice fields, Furadan 3G appeared to cause less mortality of birds than aldrin, but Furadan 3G was toxic to birds, fish and invertebrates.

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