Interaction of Cibacron Blue F3GA with glutamine synthetase: use of the dye as a conformational probe. 2. Studies using isolated dye fractions

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Abstract
By means of column chromatography on silicic acid, commercial preparations of Cibacron Blue F3GA were resolved into 4 major subfractions (fractions I-IV). The difference spectrum between free dye and dye bound to any given form of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase (GS) is different for each dye fraction. Uniquely different spectral perturbations are associated with the binding of any one dye fraction to the taut, relaxed, dissociated, or oxidized forms of GS. On the basis of the magnitude of the differences in the difference spectra between free dye and the dye-GS complexes, fraction II is most suitable for monitoring the interconversion of the relaxed and taut forms of GS. Fraction II can also be used to measure the fraction of oxidized (inactive) GS that is present in apparently homogeneous GS preparations. In contrast to the other 3 fractions, the difference spectrum obtained immediately following the binding of fraction I to GS undergoes a time-dependent change which is associated with the covalent attachment of the dye to the enzymes. Fractions II, III and IV apparently bind to the nucleotide binding site on GS because the difference spectrum obtained with these fractions can be quenched by the subsequent addition of 1-2 mM ADP. The primary but not the secondary complex formed between GS and fraction I can also be destroyed by ADP.