AN ANALYSIS OF THE ACTION OF LITHIUM ON SEA URCHIN DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract
The eggs of Echinarachnius parma are very sensitive to the action of Li. The epithelial cells of normal and of lithium-treated blastulae were stretched by microneedles and released. In normal larvae the cells round up after release; in the Li-treated larvae they remain deformed. The hyaline plasma layer does not stiffen in the Li-sea water and is not necessary for the flattening of the cells which takes place during the development. Folds of the hyaline plasma layer at the vegetative pole in the late blastula and the early gastrula stage are descr. Pyocyanine, added to the Li-sea water, counteracts the effect of the Li and improves development. This and other facts indicate that Li does not only exert an influence on the structure of the protoplasm but also on the respiration.

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