Factors Associated with Maintenance of Long-Term Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA Suppression

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Abstract
To analyze factors associated with long-term (⩾2 years) suppression of virus load (VL), we performed a nested case-control analysis of 1235 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Outpatient Study cohort participants who were well characterized by multiple VL and CD4+ cell count determinations. Of these patients, 286 (23.1%) had maintained undetectable VLs (i.e., 3 or 3.6; P value for each, <.01). Long-term suppression of VL is more likely in treatment-naive than in treatment-experienced patients, but there were several drugs—abacavir, efavirenz, indinavir, and drug combinations including lamivudine and indinavir—that appeared to be effective, whether they were part of a first or subsequent drug regimen.