Perfusion- and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring decompressive craniectomy in animals with experimental hemispheric stroke

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Abstract
Object. The aim of this study was to use two types of serial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging—perfusionweighted (PW) and diffusion-weighted (DW)—to monitor craniectomy in rats with hemispheric stroke. Methods. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in 36 rats by using an endovascular method of occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). Craniectomy was performed 4 or 24 hours later in 12 animals each. Twelve control animals underwent occlusion but did not receive treatment. Perfusion-weighted, DW, and T2-weighted MR images were obtained at 4, 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours postocclusion in all animals. Relative regional cerebral blood volumes and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were calculated for the cortex and basal ganglia. Hemispheric lesion volumes (expressed as percentages of total brain volumes; %HLV) as they appeared on DW and T2-weighted MR images and on histological slices stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride were compared. Neurological performances and infarct volumes measured 7 d...