Thermal quasi-equilibrium states across Landau horizons in the effective gravity of superfluids

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  • 4 April 2000
Abstract
We give an account of the physical behaviour of a quasiparticle horizon due to non-Lorentz invariant modifications of the effective space-time experienced by the quasiparticles (``matter'') for high momenta. By introducing a ``relativistic'' conserved energy-momentum tensor, we derive equilibrium and quasi-equilibrium states of the fluid across the ``Landau'' quasiparticle horizon. It is explained, for the 1+1-dimensional case, that equilibrium states do only exist if quasiparticle motion is restricted exclusively to the low energy linear, ``relativistic'' corner of the energy spectrum. Dispersion establishes quasiparticle communication and exchange across the horizon, and is responsible for the production of entropy, caused by large momentum quasiparticles traversing the Landau horizon. We describe the classical thermal counterpart of Hawking radiation in the presence of a Landau horizon, resulting from this process. When quantum effects become relevant, we argue that the dissipation behind the horizon caused by high-energy dispersion leads to the relaxation of the Hartle-Hawking state.

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