Simulation and Fabrication Process for a Medical Phased Array Ultrasonic Probe using a 0.91Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.09PbTiO3 Single Crystal

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Abstract
Medical array ultrasonic probes using a 0.91Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.09PbTiO3 (PZN-PT) single crystal exhibiting a high electromechanical coupling factor (k33) >90% have been studied in order to realize both a higher sensitivity and broader bandwidth properties. Pulse echo characteristics of the array probes, each transducer of which has dimensions of 6.0 mm×0.14 mm with a center frequency of 3.5 MHz, are simulated using the dielectric and the piezoelectric constants of the grown PZN-PT single crystals. Simulated echo amplitudes of the PZN-PT probes have been improved by as much as 7 dB compared with those of the conventional Pb(Zr1-x,Tix)O3 (PZT) ceramic ones. Moreover, the bandwidth of the PZN-PT probe is expected to be about 25% broader than those of the conventional PZT probes. It has been shown by simulation that the low acoustic impedance as well as the high coupling factor of the PZN-PT crystal contribute in broadening the bandwidth of the probe. The fabrication process of the array probe was investigated. A conventional method in which the dicing conditions are optimized and a novel dicing process are proposed.

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