Gas Chromatography of Unsaponifiable Matter. II. Identification of Vegetable Oils by Their Sterols

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Abstract
Corn, cottonseed, olive, milo maize, rice bran, safflower, peanut, soybean oil, and cocoa butter were saponified and the sterols isolated from the unsaponifiable matter on a Florisil column. Gas chromatography of an average of six samples of each oil revealed characteristic patterns which indicated that each oil could be identified when present alone. Three major sterols are present: β-sitosterol, γ-sitosterol, and stigmasterol. β-Sitosterol was the major sterol found to exist in each of the oils investigated. Two other minor sterols were detected, one of which might be α1-sitosterol, an isomer of stigmasterol, and the other a sterol with a saturated side chain.

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