Point accuracy of a non-parametric method in estimation of forest characteristics with different satellite materials

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Abstract
The reference sample plot (RSP) method is a distance-weighted k nearest neighbour estimation method, which allows simultaneous interpretation of several variables. In the RSP method, the k spectrally nearest field plots are looked at separately for each unknown pixel, and the area weight of the unknown pixel is divided as a function of the spectral distances to the nearest plots. The RSP method was examined in a forest inventory for estimating stem volumes by tree species groups using different satellite materials. Two methods were tested both in searching for and weighting the nearest field plots. Euclidean distance functions worked steadily with all the volume variables studied. The other distance measure tested was based on regression modelling. With more than 15 plots, both covariance weighting and inverse distance weighting gave similar results. Considering the field data of this study, the suitable number of the nearest plots in plotwise estimation appeared to be between 10 and 15 plots. With Landsat TM, SPOT XS and SPOT P, the differences in standard errors were minor. When combined TM and SPOT P were used, the plotwise standard error of total volume was still over 60 per cent.