Development of two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension in rats under dietary sodium restriction

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Abstract
In Sprague-Dawley rats with unilateral renal artery stenosis and an intact contralateral kidney, administration of a low-Na diet did not prevent the development of hypertension. Despite an elevated blood pressure, hyponatremia, marked activation of the renin-angiotensin system and increased hematocrit values, only 10% of the rats showed lesions of malignant hypertension. Systolic blood pressures of 1 and 2 kidney sham-operated rats fed a low-Na diet were significantly higher than that of normotensive controls fed a normal diet. Urinephrectomy did not reduce plasma renin activity. The low-Na diet increased plasma renin activity to about the same level in 1 and 2 kidney normotensive rats. The increase in plasma renin activity elicited by dietary Na restriction was markedly less in 1 kidney Goldblatt hypertension. Systolic blood pressure reached similar levels in 1- and 2-kidney Goldblatt hypertensive rats fed a low-Na diet. A decrease in Na intake evidently does not prevent the development of 2-kidney Goldblatt hypertension.

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