Saturation spectroscopy and velocity-selective optical pumping of oxygen using an (Al,Ga)As diode laser

Saturation spectroscopy, velocity-selective atomic orientation, and velocity-selective alignment have been applied to a high-resolution investigation of the 3${\mathit{s}}^5$ ${\mathit{S}}_{2–}$3${\mathit{p}}^5$ ${\mathrm{P}}_{1,2,3}$ transitions at 777 nm of atomic oxygen. Pure Lorentzian lineshapes were obtained, which allowed an accurate measurement of the radiative linewidth. Using an isotopically enriched sample, isotope shifts and hyperfine structure were resolved and measured.