Clinical symptoms, hormone profiles, treatment, and prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoids

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Abstract
Background—Type 1 gastric carcinoids are associated with hypergastrinaemia and chronic atrophic gastritis, type 2 occur in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 combined with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and type 3 lack any relation to hypergastrinaemia. Type 1 tumours are usually benign whereas type 3 are highly malignant. Aims—To identify possible tumour markers in patients with gastric carcinoids. Patients/method—Nine patients with type 1, one with type 2, and five with type 3 were evaluated with regard to symptoms, hormone profile, and prognosis. Results—Plasma chromogranin A was increased in all patients but was higher (pConclusions—Plasma chromogranin A appears to be a valuable tumour marker for all types of gastric carcinoid. Combination therapy with interferon α and octreotide may be beneficial in patients with metastasising type 1 gastric carcinoids.