Analysis of the dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in head and neck cancer patients

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Abstract
Background:: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in head and neck cancer. The first intron of EGFR gene is polymorphic (9–23 CA repeats) and transcription declines when the number of repeats increases. Patients and methods:: EGFR polymorphism (fluorescent genotyping) and expression (ligand-binding assay) were analyzed in tumors and normal tissues from 112 patients (100 men, 12 women; mean age 60 years). Results:: The number of CA repeats varied from 15 to 22. Allelic distribution was trimodal (predominance of 16, 20 and 18 CA repeats). EGFR concentrations were significantly higher (P=0.02) in homozygous tumors as compared with heterozygous. Considering homozygous tumors, or classifying genotypes as short/long/intermediary (two alleles P=0.047). Tumoral EGFR expression, performance status (WHO criteria) and node involvement were independent predictors of specific survival (P Conclusions:: Intron 1 EGFR polymorphism may be implicated in the regulation of EGFR expression in head and neck tumors.

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