Electrodynamic explosions in liquids

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Abstract
This letter reports experimental results which show that electric arc currents through salt water produce explosions by electrodynamic forces rather than by the thermal expansion of gases generated in the arc column. The explosive phenomena can be explained with the aid of longitudinal Ampere forces but not with traditional Lorentz forces. This represents the first experimental evidence indicating that Ampere’s force law may be valid for dense arc plasmas.