Lack of Delayed Effects of Amphetamine, Methoxamine, and Prazosin (Adrenergic Drugs) on Behavioral Outcome after Lateral Fluid Percussion Brain Injury in the Rat

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Abstract
This study examined the delayed effects of the administration of d-amphetamine, methoxamine (an αl-adrenergic receptor agonist), and prazosin (an αl-adrenergic receptor antagonist) on the behavioral outcome of lateral fluid-percussion (FP) brain injury. Rats trained to perform a beamwalking task were subjected to brain injury of moderate severity (2.1 to 2.2 atm). Twenty-four hours after injury, rats were treated with amphetamine, methoxamine, or prazosin at two or three different dose levels. Amphetamine-treated animals displayed no significant improvement in beamwalking ability either during or after drug intoxication (from days 3 to 5 after brain injury). Similarly, neither methoxamine nor prazosin significantly affected beam-walking ability during or after drug intoxication. Neither amphetamine treatment at three different doses nor treatment with methoxamine or prazosin at two different doses affected the spatial learning disabilities of brain-injured animals. These results suggest that (1) unlike amphetamine administration after sensorimotor cortex (SMC) ablation or contusion brain injury models, amphetamine administration at 24 h after concussive FP brain injury does not improve beam-walking performance; (2) unlike amphetamine administration 10 min after concussive FP brain injury amphetamine administration 24 h after injury does not improve cognitive function; and (3) unlike prazosin administration after SMC ablation brain injury, prazosin administration 24 h after concussive FP brain injury does not effect beam-walking performance. Key words: fluid-percussion (FP) brain injury; norepinephrine; αl-adrenergic receptor-agonists and antagonists; behavioral deficits