Indications de profondeur données par les Spongiaires dans les milieux benthiques actuels

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Abstract
Depth indications given by the Sponges in modern benthic environments. In Recent sponges, few taxa or morphofonctional adaptations provide precise depth indications. The vertical distribution of the diverse classes is analyzed, with special attention to forms that have a rigid calcareous or siliceous skeleton able to fossilize. These forms belong to polyphyletic groups. At the present time, they are highly scia-philous and live in warm or temperate waters. Calcified sponges, i.e. pharetronids of the class Calcarea and sclerosponges of the class Demospongea, are found mainly in the littoral cryptic habitat and on the upper levels of the continental slope. Lithistid demosponges can be found in the largest numbers on the continental slope between 200 and 700 m and occasionally colonize littoral habitats. Dictyonin hexactinellids have a predominantly bathyal distribution and may reach the abyssal zone. classes is analyzed, with special attention to forms that have a rigid calcareous or siliceous skeleton able to fossilize. These forms belong to polyphyletic groups. At the present time, they are highly scia-philous and live in warm or temperate waters. Calcified sponges, i.e. pharetronids of the class Calcarea and sclerosponges of the class Demospongea, are found mainly in the littoral cryptic habitat and on the upper levels of the continental slope. Lithistid demosponges can be found in the largest numbers on the continental slope bet¬ ween 200 and 700 m and occasionally colonize littoral habitats. Dictyonin hexactinellids have a predominantly bathyal distribution and may reach the abyssal zone.

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