OMEGA Navigation Signal Characteristics

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Abstract
A description of OMEGA/VLF signal propagation is given. Particular emphasis is given to “non-standard” signal propagation scenarios including propagation over regions of low ground conductivity, signal spreading and converging, antipodal effects and long-path reception, modal interference (including fast terminator transit and off-path effects), and temporal anomalies (SIDs, PCAs, and magnetic storms). These elements of signal behavior are described qualitatively to aid in understanding the basis for signal selection algorithms employed in conventional OMEGA/VLF receiving systems. Equipped with this knowledge, the user may invoke manual deselection procedures when the receiver is suspected of processing an undesirable signal, i.e., one likely to produce significant navigational error. As further guidance, a table of recommended signal deselections is given for approximately 80 geographic locations around the earth. Signals are recommended for deselection on the basis of modal interference, long-path, and solar proton activity.

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