Quantum nondemolition measurement of a photon number using electron interferometers of semiconductor microstructures

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Abstract
We discuss effects of quantized electromagnetic fields upon the electronic conduction in interferometers of semiconductor microstructures. An optical field in an arbitrary quantum state is assumed to hit the interferometer, and the time evolution of the coupled photon-electron system is evaluated. It is found that the interferometer works as a quantum nondemolition photodetector if the interferometer is designed such that the interaction is switched adiabatically.