Differentiation of Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma on Helical CT Scans

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Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to differentiate subtypes of renal cell carcinoma on helical CT scans.MATERIALS AND METHODS. We reviewed CT scans of four subtypes of renal cell carcinoma: 76 conventional (clear cell), 19 papillary, 13 chromophobe, and two collecting duct. Biphasic CT scans (unenhanced, corticomedullary, and excretory phase scans) were obtained in 61 patients, and monophasic CT scans (unenhanced and excretory phase scans) in 49. We compared patient age and sex; tumor size; degree and pattern (homogeneous, heterogeneous, predominantly peripheral) of enhancement; presence or absence of calcification; and tumor-spreading patterns including perinephric change, venous invasion, and lymphadenopathy in four subtypes.RESULTS. Conventional renal carcinoma showed stronger enhancement than the other subtypes (p < 0.05): 106 ± 48 H (mean ± SD) in the corticomedullary phase and 62 ± 25 H in the excretory phase. The sensitivity and specificity for differentiating conventional renal carcinoma fro...