The diagnosis of fracture of the skull is not always simple, and the proper prognosis is so important that the neurologist must utilize all his diagnostic means in advising and supervising proper treatment. Not the least of the physical signs that especially give one indications of the prognosis are those observed in the eyes. Particularly when the patient is unconscious, and this is true in many cases, the eye signs are most valuable as indicators of how much brain damage has occurred and what the chances for recovery are. The symptoms and signs from the time the fracture is received until recovery or death, in nearly all the cases, are so predominately nervous and mental that the neurologic study becomes of as much importance as the surgical considerations, if not more. The problem is neurologic rather than surgical. On the Surgical Service at Harlem Hospital, neurologic examinations in all cases