Grain Protein Determinants of the Langdon Durum‐dicoccoides Chromosome Substitution Lines

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Abstract
High grain protein content of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) is important for improved cooking and nutritional quality. The development of a set of ‘Langdon’‐dicoccoides [LDN(DIC)] chromosome substitution lines offers an opportunity to develop new high protein durum cultivars. The objective of this research was to determine under field conditions the biological reason for the changes in grain protein content. The substitution lines studied included two LDN(DIC‐2A) lines; one each of the LDN(DIC‐4A), LDN(DIC‐4B), and LDN(DIC‐5B) lines; and three LDN(DIC‐6B) lines. The changes in accumulation and partitioning of dry weight (DW) and N as a result of substituting specific DIC chromosomes into LDN durum were consistent across the environments tested. Certain DIC chromosomes altered the accumulation ratio (total plant N/total plant DW), others altered the partitioning ratio (N harvest index/harvest index), and others appeared to alter both ratios to affect grain protein content. The major reason for the lower N contents of the 2A, 4A, and 4B lines was a decreased partitioning ratio, and the major reason for the higher N content of the 5B line was a higher accumulation ratio. The 6B lines were the only lines where the accumulation and partitioning ratios were always equal to or greater than LDN. The three 6B lines varied for the relative importance of changes in the accumulation and partitioning ratios to increase grain N content.

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