Dichanthelium (Poaceae) in the United States and Canada

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Abstract
A taxonomic revision of the grass genus Dichanthelium as represented in the USA and Canada is presented. Keys and descriptions are provided for the 45 recognized taxa (26 spp. and 19 varieties) of the USA and Canada. A total of 26 new combinations and status changes are proposed [D. leucoblepharis comb. nov. [Panicum leucoblepharis Trinius], D. leucoblepharis var. glabrescens comb. nov. [P. dichotomum var. glabrescens Grisebach], D. leucoblepharis var. pubescens comb. nov. [P. laxiflorum var. pubescens], D.boscii comb. nov. [P. boscii Poiret], D. latifolium comb. nov. [P. latifolium L.], D. sphaerocarpon var. isophyllum [P. microcarpon var. isophyllum Scribner], D. erectifolium comb. nov. [P. erectifolium Nash], D. oligosanthes var. wilcoxianum comb. et stat. nov. [P. wilcoxianum Vasey], D. scabriusculum comb. nov. [P. scabriusculum Elliott], D. sabulorum comb. nov. [P. sabulorum Lamarck], D. sabulorum var. patulum comb. nov. [P. nashianum var. patulum Scribner et Merrill], D. sabulorum var. thinium [P. unciphyllum var. thinium Hitchcock et Chase], D. ovale comb. nov. [P. ovale Elliott], D. ovale var. addisonii comb. nov. [P. addisonii Nash], D. consanguineum comb. nov. [P. consanguineum Kunth], D. aciculare comb. nov. [P. aciculare Desvaux et Poiret], D. dichotomum var. ensifolium comb. nov. [P. ensifolium Baldwin ex Elliott], D. dichotomum var. tenue comb. et stat. nov. [P. tenue Muhlenberg], D. dichotomum var. glabrifolium comb. et stat. nov. [P. glabrifolium Nash], D. acuminatum comb. nov. [P. acuminatum Swartz], D. acuminatum var. villosum comb. nov. [P. nitidum var. villosum Gray], D. acuminatum var. thurowii comb. et stat. nov. [P. thurowii Scribner et Smith], D. acuminatum var. implicatum comb. nov. [P. implicatum Scribner], D. acuminatum var. wrightianum comb. et stat. nov. [P. wrightianum Scribner], D. acuminatum var. densiflorum comb. nov. [P. nitidum var. densiflorum Rand et Redfield], D. acuminatum var. lindheimeri comb. nov. [P. lindheimeri Nash] and D. acuminatum var. longiligulatum comb. et stat. nov. [P. longiligulatum Nash]]. Many species of the genus Dichanthelium (Panicum subgen. Dichanthelium Hitchc. et Chase) are widespread through the eastern half of the USA and the center of diversity appears in southeastern North America. At least some species are present almost throughout the cool, subtropical and tropical regions of North America and the Caribbean, and a few species range throughout much of South America. The genus also is represented in the Hawaiian Islands. This publication represents the 1st major revision of the Dichanthelium grass group since the monograph of Panicum by Hitchcock and Chase in 1910.

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