Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in neutron-irradiated graphite

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Abstract
Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations have been observed in rho xx(H) with single-crystalline graphite and in rho zz(H) with well oriented pyrolytic graphite. Exposure to fast neutron bombardment at approximately 303 K up to a total dose of 1.12*1017nvt produces electron acceptors which lower the Fermi energy, thus expanding the hole Fermi surface and contracting the electron Fermi surface. The long period (ca. 2.1*10-5 G-1) previously associated with majority electrons (m*c=0.039 m0) is reduced by pre-irradiation, while the short period (ca. 1.6*10-5 G-1) which had been attributed to majority holes (m*c=0.061 m0) is increased. Electron and hole assignments must therefore be interchanged, with electron states now appearing at point K and hole states near point H of the Billouin zone.