Bowtie limited diffraction beams for low-sidelobe and large depth of field imaging

Abstract
Limited diffraction beams such as Bessel beams and X waves have a large depth of field and thus could have many applications. However, these beams have higher sidelobes as compared to conventional focused beams in their focal planes. In this paper, a new class of limited diffraction beams is developed. These beams are termed bowtie limited diffraction beams because they have bowtie shapes in a plane perpendicular to the beam axis. To obtain pulse-echo images of low sidelobes and a large depth of field, a bowtie limited diffraction beam is used in transmission and its 90/spl deg/ rotated response (around the beam axis) is used in reception. Unlike the summation-subtraction method developed previously, this method does not reduce image frame rate or dynamic range of signals and is not motion sensitive. The theory of the bowtie limited diffraction beams is developed. Computer simulation of the theoretical beams under practical conditions, such as finite aperture, finite bandwidth, and causal excitation, is performed with the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction formula. The simulated beams are very close to those predicted analytically over a large depth of field.

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