Microsite Requirements for Establishment of Annual Rangeland Weeds

Abstract
Seedling emergence and growth of downy brome(Bromus tectorumL.), medusahead(Taeniatherum asperum(Sim.) Nevski), and tumble mustard(Sisymbrium altissimumL.) were favored by seed burial, pitting of the soil surface, and soil movement. These conditions maintained temperatures and soil and atmospheric moisture in the range required for establishment.