Relation of urinary sodium excretion to blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism in residents of an area of Japan with high sodium intake.

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Abstract
To evaluate the effects of prolonged intake of a high-sodium diet on glucose and lipid metabolism, we examined the relation of daily urinary sodium excretion to blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism in 140 Japanese adults who lived in a region where the average daily consumption of sodium was high and stable during the past 15yr; no subject had received any treatment for hypertension or metabolic disorders. Each subject was admitted to our health examination center for 2d for measurement of blood pressure, sampling of blood, and glucose tolerance testing. A 24-h urine specimen was collected by each subject after discharge. Multiple regression analysis revealed that urinary sodium excretion was significantly independent of the mean blood pressure and was unrelated to the area under the serum glucose curve after glucose administration. The urinary sodium level was also unrelated to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The prevalence of hypertension in the group with a daily sodium excretion below 140mEq (low sodium group) was 0%, while that in the group with a daily sodium excretion above 280mEq (high sodium group) was 44%; this difference was significant (pHypertens Res 1997; 20: 287-293)

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