The Influence of Internal Stress on the Structure of Electro-Deposits

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Abstract
The author's data on the properties of chromium electro‐deposited from a standard chromic acid electrolyte are examined in the light of a theory first proposed by Bozorth. It is shown that the data fit well the assumption that the preferred orientation found in these chromium electro‐deposits is the result of a slipping process, analogous to cold‐working, which occurs during deposition when internal contractile stress reaches a certain critical value. It is further shown that the type of orientation found in chromium deposits is in accord with the theory and it is stated that (111) orientation is to be expected generally for body‐centered cubic metals electro‐deposited in a state of contractile stress, while (110) or (100) is to be anticipated for face‐centered cubic metals deposited with the same type of stress. The orientations of a number of electro‐deposited metals are shown to be in agreement with this expectation. Certain anomalies in the stress and orientation results for silver, nickel, and aluminum deposits have also been studied experimentally, and the results explained on the basis of the above theory. In conclusion, the possible mechanism of internal stress formation in electro‐deposits is examined.

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