Accumulation and Spatial Distribution of Poly(A)+RNA in Oocytes and Early Embryos of Drosophila melanogaster

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Abstract
We describe the accumulation and distribution of poly (A)+RNA during oogenesis and early embryogenesis as revealed by in situ hybridization with a radio-labeled poly (U) probe. The amount of poly (A)+RNA in nurse cell cytoplasm continuously increased untill mid-vitellogenic stage (st. 10), then decreased with the rapid increase of poly (A)+RNA in the oocyte (st. 11). The localization of poly (A)+RNA at stage 10 was in the anterior region of the oocyte, where it is connected by cytoplasmic bridge to the nurse cells. These observations indicate that most of the poly (A)+RNA synthesized in the nurse cells is transferred to the oocyte through the cytoplasmic bridges at stage 10–11. During the remainder of oogenesis (st. 11–14) and during preblastodermal embryogenesis, poly (A)+RNA was evenly distributed over the cytoplasm of oocytes and embryos. At blastoderm stage, poly(A)+RNA became concentrated in the peripheral region of embryos. Though the somatic nuclei of the blastoderm contained a detectable amount of poly (A)+ RNA, the pole cell nuclei did not. The cytoplasmic RNA visualised by acridine orange staining and the poly (A)+RNA detected by hybridization with [3H]poly (U) exhibited identical distributions during oogenesis and early embryogenesis. These observations provide a basis to assess the unique distributions of specific RNA sequences involved in early development.