BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PITUITARY AN PLACENTAL HORMONES

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Abstract
The bio-logical characteristics of gonadotropin and prolactin were studied by their effects upon the ovaries and the intact and damaged uterine horns of 3-month-old mice which had been hypophysectomized on the 1st day of diestrus. The method, developed primarily for measuring luteotropin by the formation of deciduomata in the damaged uterine horn, was called the deciduoma assay but it can also differentiate the activities of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone). The decidual reaction in the damaged uterine horn appears to be a suitable endpoint for measuring ovarianprogestagen releasedby the activity of luteotrophins. The term "luteotropin" is reserved for preparations which cause hypertrophy deciduotropic but they are not all classified as luteotropins. The term "luteotropin" is reserved for preparations which cause hypertrophy of luteal cells accompanied by hyperemic of the corpora lutea and which are deficient in other gonadotropic activities. Only preparations of ovine prolactin and luteotropin in human and bovine growth hormones and bovine thyrotropin are therefore included in this group. The deciduoma method is possibly invalid for the assay of mixtures containing relatively large amounts of FSH because the growth of follicles results in the elimination of corpora lutea. However, the method can be used to demonstrate biological differences between similar hormones and it may be of value in studies on the purification of hormones.

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