Abstract
This review covers the role of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum in regulating Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane, the role of cytosolic free Ca2+ in modulating mitochondrial function, and the role of the plasma membrane in regulating sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+, focusing on recent findings that shed a new light on cellular Ca2+ regulation. Mechanisms of interactions among the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and the plasma membrane are discussed with a view to explain the lack of consensus regarding the relationship between the cytosolic free Ca2+ and blood pressure, and the enigmatic behavior of the Na(+)-H+ exchanger in blood cells (primarily platelets and lymphocytes) from patients with essential hypertension.

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