ALTERED AMINO-ACID KINETICS IN RATS WITH PROGRESSIVE TUMOR-GROWTH

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  • 1 January 1982
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 42  (3) , 824-829
Abstract
Alterations in host metabolism associated with progressive tumor growth may be a result of the anorexia frequently observed with cancer or be due to other direct tumor effects. Rates of tyrosine flux, oxidation and incorporation into protein, as well as fractional protein-synthetic rates in nonsecretory liver, muscle and tumor, were determined in overnight-fasted rats, 5-6 (stage I), 10-11 (stage II) and 15-16 (stage III) days following s.c. implantation of RNC 254 fibrosarcoma. Tumor-bearing rats were allowed to consume a purified diet containing 20% protein ad lib, and results were compared to non-tumor-bearing rats pair fed quantities of food equivalent to tumor-bearing animals or allowed to consume the diet ad lib. During later stages of tumor growth (stage III) calorie intake and nontumor body weight gain were reduced in tumor-bearing rats (P < 0.05). Fifteen and 16 days following implantation, there were significant changes in amino acid kinetics that were not observed after earlier periods of tumor growth and that could not be explained by any reduction in dietary intake. Rates of tyrosine appearance in the plasma and subsequent incorporation into whole-body protein were increased 33 and 34%, respectively (P < 0.05), when compared to non-tumor-bearing rats fed equivalent quantities of food. Whole-body tyrosine oxidation rates were unchanged. Skeletal protein synthesis, as reflected by gastrocnemius or rectus abdominus muscle, was reduced from 10.5 and 10.1% per day to 7.4 and 6.0% per day, respectively (P < 0.05), in tumor-bearing compared to pair-fed animals. Apparently, significant alterations in protein metabolism occur in advanced stages of experimental neoplastic disease which cannot be explained by reductions in dietary intake and are aimed at providing adequate quantities of endogenous amino acids for net tumor growth.