Toxicities of Three Insecticides to Five Species of Grasshopper Nymphs12

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Abstract
Techniques were developed to obtain toxicological data on 3 pyrethroid insecticides by determining mortality of 2nd and 3rd instars of 5 species of grasshoppers, by using both field plot and simultaneous laboratory studies. Field studies involved small plots with natural populations separated by metal walls; laboratory studies simulated field application rates per unit area in glass boxes. Permethrin produced virtually no mortality to Melanoplus bivittatus (Say), a substantially greater mortality to Boopedon auriventris McNeill and M. femurrubrum (De Geer), a still greater mortality to Orphulella speciosa (Scudder), and the highest mortality to Ageneotettix deorum (Scudder). Decamethrin produced a substantial mortality to all species but the greatest to A. deorum. SD 41706® (cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 2,2,3,3,-tetramethyl-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ester) produced substantial mortalities to all 5 species. There was virtually no difference in mortalities between 2nd and 3rd instars 72 h after insecticide application nor between field and laboratory individuals within a particular species.

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