Radical Polymerization of Maleic Acid by Potassium Persulfate in the Presence of Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Water

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Abstract
Maleic acid(MA) was found to polymerize easily by potassium persulfate (KPS) in water in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and to form a polymer complex in which the molar ratio of MA to VP monomer unit was approximately unity. The formation of the polymer complex was accelerated by increases in the reaction temperature, in the concentrations of KPS and MA, and in the molecular weight of PVP used. Thermal degradation behavior of the polymer complex was studied thermo-gravimetrically. The thermagram of the polymer complex was substantially different from those of PVP and the 1:1 mixture of MA and PVP. It was found that the poly-MA portion of the polymer complex decomposed at 100-300°C, while the PVP portion underwent degradation at 350-500°C. In order to separate poly-MA from the polymer complex, the polymer complex was methylated by diazomethane, and 50 ∼ 60% of the poly-MA part in the polymer complex was separated as its methyl ester, which was found to be oligomer (M = 400 ∼ 500) by GPC. Unseparated part of poly-MA seems to be grafted onto PVP. The polymerization of citraconic acid (CA) was also performed in the same manner. Similar results were obtained, though the polymerization of CA was slower as compared with that of MA.

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