Bone formation using novel interconnected porous calcium hydroxyapatite ceramic hybridized with cultured marrow stromal stem cells derived from Green rat

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Abstract
The clinical use of cultured marrow stromal stem cells (MSCs) has recently attracted attention in the field of tissue engineering. For the clinical use of the MSCs, a prominent scaffold is needed. A scaffold hybridized with MSCs is transformed into a “bioactive bone substitute,” and this provides good osteoconduction. In this study, a novel calcium hydroxyapatite ceramic with an interconnected porous structure (IP‐CHA) was used as a scaffold. MSCs were harvested from Green rats containing Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), and then these hybrids were implanted into the tibias of Sprague–Dawley rats. The purposes of this study were to examine the osteogenic ability of these hybrids without coculture, and to evaluate whether the resulting bone formation originated from the grafted MSCs or the recipient's cells. The hybridized group showed excellent bone formation compared with the IP‐CHA‐only implant group. Observation of the implanted MSCs revealed that they survived 8 weeks after surgery, and differentiated into osteoblast‐like cells, thus providing bone formation. This implantation of the MSCs/IP‐CHA composite provides excellent osteoconduction, and is expected to have extensive clinical applications. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 69A: 454–461, 2004