Mycobacterium monacense sp. nov.

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Abstract
Four bacterial strains were isolated from independent clinical specimens in different countries and their genotypic and phenotypic characters support their classification in a novel species within the genusMycobacterium. One strain was clearly responsible for a severe, post-traumatic wound infection in a healthy boy. The novel species, for which the nameMycobacterium monacensesp. nov. is proposed, is yellow-pigmented, non-photochromogenic and grows in less than a week on solid medium. Based on phenotypic investigations alone, distinction of these four strains from known scotochromogenic rapidly growing strains is problematic. However, the novel strains differ from any other mycobacterium in each of the molecular species markers investigated: the 16S rRNA gene, the 16S–23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer and thehsp65gene. Of the strains investigated, two different sequevars were detected for thehsp65region. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these four strains were most closely related toMycobacterium doricum. The type strain ofMycobacterium monacensesp. nov. is B9-21-178T(=DSM 44395T=CIP 109237T).

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