Cytological Studies of Tumors. XXI. A Comparative Ideogram Study of the Yoshida Sarcoma and Its Subline Derivatives23

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Abstract
This study deals with a comparative ideogram study of the Yoshida sarcoma and its 4 sub-line derivatives, with the use of an improved water-pretreatment squash technique. The author''s early view on the chromosomal relationship between the Yoshida sarcoma and the rat was revised on the basis of the study of new material. The ideogram analysis carried out in special reference to the rise and distinction of sublines has established 4 different sublines in the Yoshida sarcoma. Each subline is characterized by its specific stemline ideograms, which is clearly distinguishable from the others by the presence of 2, 3, and 4 large V-shaped chromosomes, as well as from the stock tumor which is characterized by one such V. In addition to such gross distinction as marked by the large V chromosomes, there are many other differences between 4 sublines in the structural features of the chromosomes other than the large V''s and in the chromosome-number mode. It has then been stated that the numerical and structural chromosome alterations are important in the rise of new types of tumors, and that the development of tumors with a change in the type of disease, takes place in close association with genotypic changes in stem cells and results in the rise of sublines. Available evidence shows that constancy of the stemline, while very pronounced, is not necessarily absolute, and that the tumor generally has undergone numerical and structural chromosome alterations during serial transfers.