Relativistic effects in many electron hyperfine structure II. Relativistic quadrupole interaction in manganese

Abstract
Theoretical and experimental work has been carried out on the quadrupole interaction constant, B, for the ground state of manganese, whose ground configuration is a half-filled d shell. In the non-relativistic limit B = 0. The theory is based on a new relativistic calculation involving the use of an effective operator acting between non-relativistic states, and a non-vanishing value of B has been obtained. To check the theory, the hyperfine structure of the ground state of manganese has been remeasured by the method of atomic beams and an experimental value of B has been found. The results are Brei. ≈ — 0.019 Mc/s, Bexpt> = — 0.0183 ± 0.0008 Mc/s. The agreement is satisfactory as to sign and order of magnitude, but high precision is not claimed for the theoretical result

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