A Comparative Study of Ion-Exchange and Ion-Pair Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography of Metal 4-(2-Pyridylazo)Resorcinol Complexes as Methods of Trace Metal Analysis

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Abstract
The behaviour of heavy metals as complexes with 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorci-nol in ion-exchange and ion-pair reversed-phase HPLC was investigated. Retention mechanism of metal pyridylazoresorcinolates on columns with a low capacity anion-exchanger and an octadecylsilanized silica gel was discussed in dependence of the mobile phase composition (concentrations of organic modifier, eluent competing ion, ion-pairing reagent, pH). Anion-exchange and adsorption mechanisms are realized simultaneously during the ion-exchange chromatographic separation, while the retention behaviour of metal complexes in ion-pair chromatography is best described by the ion-interaction model. The conditions of metal determination using spectrophotometric detection and the procedures of galvanic production waste waters analysis were developed. The analytical possibilities of ion-exchange and ion-pair HPLC in trace metal analysis were compared.