Energy and Urban Form

Abstract
Studies of the relationship between urban form and energy use have used scenarios to examine the relative energy efficiency of three spatial configurations of urban systems: centralization, multinucleation, and sprawl. Their results have been contradictory. This article develops a human ecological critique of these studies by examining the events included in each scenario. The results suggest that these contradictions are more apparent than real: Multinucleation is the most energy-efficient urban form. They also suggest that energy may now be a relatively weak determinant of urban form.

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