Dianthins, ribosome-damaging proteins with anti-viral properties from Dianthus caryophyllus L. (carnation)

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Abstract
Dianthin 30 and dianthin 32, 2 proteins isolated from the leaves of D. carvophyllus (carnation), were purified to homogeneity by chromatography on CM-cellulose. The MW of dianthin 30 is 29,500 and that of dianthin 32 is 31,700. Both dianthins are glycoproteins containing mannose. Dianthins inhibit protein synthesis in a lysate of rabbit reticulocytes, with an ID50 (concentration giving 50% inhibition) of 9.15 ng/ml (dianthin 30) and 3.6 ng/ml (dianthin 32). They damage ribosomes in a less than equimolar ratio. Protein synthesis by intact cells is partially inhibited by dianthins at a concentration of 100.mu.g/ml. Dianthins mixed with tobacco-mosaic virus strongly decrease the number of local lesions on leaves of Nicotiana glutinosa.