Actomyosin structure in contracting muscle detected by rapid freezing

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Abstract
It is now widely accepted that the ATP-induced active sliding of adjacent thin and thick filaments mediated by myosin heads (cross-bridges) is responsible for muscle contraction. Despite intensive studies, the behaviour of the myosin heads during muscle contraction is still unclear. Recent progress in the rapid freezing electron microscope technique has greatly improved the temporal resolution of the images that can be obtained. Here, we report a new type of actomyosin structure captured by rapid freezing. We have analysed images from thin sections of freeze-substituted rabbit skeletal muscle rapidly frozen during isometric contraction. For comparison, we also studied relaxed and rigor muscles. Our results show that, during isometric contraction, most myosin heads are regularly arrayed along the helix of the actin filaments and that this actomyosin structure appears to be distinct from that observed in rigor muscle.