TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE IN BOVINE CAUDATE NUCLEUS

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Abstract
Approximately 80 per cent of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in bovine caudate nucleus was particle‐bound. The rest of the activity was found in the soluble fraction. The enzyme activity in crude tissue preparations was inhibited, probably by the presence of endogenous inhibitors. Dilution of crude tissue preparations such as the crude mitochondrial fraction caused an increase in the specific activity. The particle‐bound enzyme was solubilized by incubation with trypsin. The presence of deoxycholate increased the degree of solubilization. The activity of the solubilized enzyme from the washed particles was also inhibited, but the subsequent purification by ammonium sulphate could eliminate the inhibition. The solubilized enzyme was partially purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation and Sephadex G‐150 chromatography. A tetrahydropteridine and ferrous ion were required as cofactors for the partially purified enzyme. Among various divalent cations, only ferrous ion could activate the partially purified enzyme. The enzyme was inhibited by L‐α‐methyl‐p‐tyrosine and catecholamines such as dopamine. The optimum pH was found between 5.5 and 6.0. Km values toward tyrosine, 2‐amino‐4‐hydroxy‐6,7‐dimethyltetrahydropteridine and Fe2+, were approximately 5 × 10−5 M, 1 × 10−4 M and 4 × 10−4 M, respectively.