Antiulcer Activity of Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Zedoary (Gajutsu) Cultivated in Yakushima (Japan)

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Abstract
Effects of 8 extracts (YK-1 to YK-8) from Zedoary [Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. (= C. zedoaria non Roscoe)] (Gajutsu) cultivated in Yakushima (Japan) and 7 isolated comounds from the extracts on experimental gastric ulcerations were studied. oral and subcutaneous administrations of extracts significantly inhibited stress ulcer formation in restrained and water-immersed mice. A n-hexane souble fraction (YK-3) was more effective than a methanol soluble fraction (YK-2) of the original methanol extract (YK-1). Among the isolated compounds from subfractions (YK-4, YK-5, YK-6) of YK-3, furanogermenone and (4S,5S)-(+)-germacrone 4,5-epoxide had a potent preventive effect against stress ulceration. Moreover, oral administration of YK-3, YK-4 and YK-8 significantly inhibited formation of both HCl-induced and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. In experiments on effect of YK-3 on gastric secretion and motility, neither of both functions was affected by antiulcer doses of YK-3. These data show that some of extracts and isolated compounds produce a potent inhibition of acute experimental gastric ulcers, partly through their cytoprotective action.

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