Survival of the Fittest — More Evidence

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Abstract
In 1859, Charles Darwin published his theory of evolution as an incessant struggle among individuals with different degrees of fitness within a species.1 At that time, his explanations created remarkable controversy, but they were to revolutionize the course of science. Darwin's writings reflected conclusions drawn from years of study and observation. Now, nearly 150 years later, in the era of evidence-based medicine and rigorous scientific method, when fitness is measured and study subjects are followed for years, the data supporting the concept of survival of the fittest are strong and compelling. During the past 15 years, many long-term epidemiologic studies . . .