Stress-Strain Properties of Plastics at High Strain Rates

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Abstract
Apparatus of the falling weight type previously developed for tensile testing of rubbers at strain rates up to 14.5 m/sec has been made stiffer and more sensitive to accommodate plastics. Loads up to 225 kg and resolution to about 50 μsec have been achieved using a piezoelectric transducer. A modified ring specimen, the ``racetrack,'' is also required to attain high resolution and reduce errors associated with conventional slip in the grip. Transducer voltages are displayed on a 'scope and photographed using well‐known procedures. These curves, when calibrated, are stress‐strain curves, showing brittle and ductile failures. Elapsed times range from about 0.3 to 2 msec. Tensile fractures usually occur in the middle of the stressed legs, often in both legs simultaneously. Reproducible curves have been obtained from commercial plastics such as polyethylene, rigid vinyls, and polystyrene, from metallic alloys of aluminum and copper, and from elastomers such as tread rubbers.

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