Optical Nutation Echoes in Ruby

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Abstract
We observed the optical nutation echoes, i.e., the optical analog of rotary-spin echoes, in ruby. The experiment was carried out using a Stark switching technique. The inversion of the effective field in the rotating frame was achieved by applying a small short Stark pulse (phase-shifting pulse) whose amplitude ΔE and width Δt satisfy the condition that Δω·Δt is equal to an odd multiple of π where Δω is the frequency offset produced by ΔE. A train of nutation echoes was also observed by applying successive phase-shifting pulses. The observed nutation-echo-envelope decay time was 12 µs which is nearly equal to 2T 2 consistent with the theoretical prediction. Radiation-locking and radiation-locked echo experiments were also performed by using similar phase-shifting techniques.

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