Development and optimization of pharmaceutical formulations using a simplex lattice design

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Abstract
The composition of pharmaceutical formulations is often subject to trial and error. This approach is time consuming and unreliable in finding the best formulation. Optimization by means of an experimental design might be helpful in shortening experimenting time. Such a design with the concomitant mathematical models, reveals effects and interactions of the variables. The independent variables are the different compositions of the mixtures of the chosen ingredients [drug(s) and excipients]. The dependent variables are the properties (responses) of the formulation. When all responses of interest have been expressed in models that describe the response as a function of the composition of the mixture, the models can be combined graphically or mathematically to find a composition satisfying all demands. In this paper an introduction to the use of mixture designs will be given by means of a theoretical part and an example: optimizing a tablet formulation consisting of excipients only.