Alliance and Border Effects on the War Behavior of States: Refining the Interaction Opportunity Model

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Abstract
The authors investigate the expectations generated by the “interaction opportunity” model initially developed by Most and Starr for the study of diffusion. The impact that borders and alliances have as “treatments” on the overall war behavior of states is the focus of study, looking at both individual and interactive effects. Using the war behavior of all states in the system from 1815–1965, the analyses support the expectations generated by the interaction opportunity model. The treatments of warring border nations and warring alliance partners, of various types and combinations, predispose states to be at war.

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