Abstract
It has long been known that calcium is one of the essential ingredients of life, and in fact, that a number of the most fundamental of biological processes are absolutely dependent upon its presence, for example blood clotting, fertilization, and locomotion. A reflection of this dependency is the fact that changes in extracellular calcium ion concentration have striking effects upon cellular structure and metabolism. For example, calcium is of fundamental importance in the union of cells in a multicellular tissue, conferring upon the individual cells an adhesiveness which joins them into a structural and functional whole. Equally important is its

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