SCREENING SYSTEM: Screening for Asymptomatic Hematuria and Proteinuria in School Children ‐ Relationship between Clinical Laboratory Findings and Glomerular Pathology or Prognosis ‐

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Abstract
Early morning urine is collected at home and urinalysis is performed at a clinical laboratory. Simple dipstick methods are used for the detection of proteinuria and hematuria. When the urine tests are positive, a second test is performed in the same manner. When the urine abnormalities are persistently encountered, urine sediments are checked under the microscope and diagnostic steps are taken to determine the cause of the urine abnormalities. A study of the diagnosis and prognosis of the asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria detected by urine screening was performed with the collaboration of eight different hospitals. Correlations between renal pathology or prognosis and urinary findings or other laboratory data in 170 patients who had renal biospy were studied. Cases with asymptomatic hematuria without proteinuria tended to have a better prognosis, with the pathology of minor abnormality or focal segmental proliferative lesions. In cases with marked proteinuria and hematuria diffuse proliferative lesions including membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) were frequently observed. Renal pathology suggesting a poor prognosis was not uncommon in the cases with marked proteinuria and hematuria. The above observations were confirmed by a 5‐year follow‐up study in 141 cases.